1977 FIAT 127 Fiat 127 special

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Supplement

Contents

Introduction ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1

Specifications ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2

Engine … … … ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
1049 cc engine - general
Crankshaft - refitting
Piston rings - refitting
Pistons and connecting rods - reassembly
Pistons - refitting
Connecting rods to crankshaft - reassembly
Oil pump - reassembly
Crankshaft oil seals and carriers - refitting
Sump - refitting
Auxiliary shaft and seal - refitting
Belt - pulleys and tensioner - refitting
Cylinder head and valve gear - reassembly
Distributor - refitting
Toothed drive belt - removal, refitting and adjust ing
Valve clearances - adjustment
Engine - final assembly
Engine removal – 127 Special and 127 from chassis number 1104290 onwards

Fuel system ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 4
Carburettors - general
Weber or Solex single venturi carburettors
Weber dual venturi carburettor
Carburettor overhaul - general

Ignition system... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5
Automatic centrifugal advance curves
Braking system... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 6
Brake fluid reservoir and vacuum servo unit (Sport )

Electrical system... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. . ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . 7
Charging system
Fuses (127 Special)
Fuses (1049 cc models)
Bodywork and fittings ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8
Model variations
Wing mouldings and front spoiler (Sport) - removal and refitting
Rear spoiler (Sport) – removal and refitting

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Lamps
Headlamps (C, L and CL)
Headlamps (Sport)
Brake and rear light
Turn indicators
Reversing lights
Parking lights
Number plate
Courtesy light
Boot light
Turn repeaters
Cigar lighter light
Instrument panel
Ignition warning
Turn indicator warning
Headlamp warning
Coolant temperature warning (L models)
Oil pressure warning
Fuel warning
Hazard warning
Sidelamp (out) warning (Sport only)
Brake warning (Sport only)
Heated rear window warning (Sport only)
40/45 watts
55/60 watts (Halogen)
5/21 watts
21 watts
21 watts
5 watts
5 watts
5 watts
5 watts
4 watts
4 watts
3 watts
3 watts
1.2 watts
1.2 watts
1.2 watts
1.2 watts
1.2 watts
1.2 watts
3 watts
1.2 watts
1.2 watts

Fuses
For fuse details (127 Special, L, C, CL and Sport) see Sections 23 or 24

Steering and suspension (Sport only)
Steering angles
Inner wheel 34° 50’
Outer wheel 32° 10’
Front wheel alignment (toe setting)
Laden 0.079 in (2.0 mm) toe-in to 0.079 in (2.0 mm) toe-o ut
Unladen 0.138 in (3.5 mm) to 0.217 in (5.5 mm) toe-in

Roadwheels
Size 4½ B x 13
Tyres 135 SR-13 or 155/70 SR-13

All 1049 cc models Ibf ft kgf m
Main bearing cap bolts 59 8.2
Engine mounting securing bolts 43 6
Cylinder head to block bolts and nuts:
1 st stage 30 4.1
2nd stage 45 6.2
Final stage 61 8.5
Manifold to head nuts 20 2.8
Connecting rod big-end nuts 38 5.2
Flywheel to crankshaft bolts 61 8.5
Driven gear (Plastic) to camshaft retaining bolt 87 12
Driven gear (steel) to camshaft retaining bolt 87 1 2
Camshaft cap nuts 14 2

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78 Slacken the tensioner bolts to tension the belt
and retighten the bolts (photo).
79 Turn the engine over for two complete
revolutions to even out belt tension. Then again
slacken the tensioner bolts to let the tensioner
take up any slack and
retighten the bolts. Never
turn the engine backwards or rock the camshaft
when tensioning the belt, as slack could develop
in the belt and it might jump a tooth.
80 Refit and tension the alternator/water pump
V-belt. Refit the drivebelt cover.
Valve clearances - adjustment
81 Checking the valve clearances should be
done at the 6000 miles servicing, or whenever
the cylinder head has been removed and
refitted for any reason. It is important that the
clearances are set correctly, otherwise the
timing will be wrong and the engine
performance will be poor. If there is no
clearance at all, the valves and seats will soon
get burnt. Set the clearances with the engine
cold.
82 Remove the camshaft cover. The engine can
be turned over by either using a spanner on the
crankshaft pulley nut, or by jacking up a front
wheel, engaging top gear and using the wheel
to turn the engine.
83 Each tappet must be checked when its
operating cam is pointing upwards, 1800 away
from the tappet. Check the clearances in the
firing order, No. 1 cylinder first and then 3, 4
and 2. Do the exhaust of one cylinder and the
inlet of the one after, at the same time to
minimise the amount of engine turning. Counting
from the timing belt end, exhaust valves are
1-4-5-8, inlet valves 2-3-6-7.
84 Insert the feeler gauge for the appropriate
valve. See the Specifications for correct
settings. The feeler should slide in readily
between cam and shim, but with slight frictional
drag. Try one a size thicker and one a size
thinner. The thick one should not go in and the
thinner one should be too loose (photo).
85 If the clearance is wrong, measure the
clearance and write it down with the number of
the valve. When all the clearances have been
checked, it will be necessary to remove those
shims which are fitted where the clearances are
wrong, and renew them with different thickness
shims. If a clearance is too big, use a thicker
shim. If a clearance is too small use a thinner
shim. Calculate by simple subtraction. 86 To change a shim, turn the engine until the
relevant cam is pointing upwards, then turn the
tappet in its housing so that the slot in the rim is
accessible.
87 The manufacturer provides special tools for
depressing tappets (Nos. A60480 and A60443).
These make the job easier if they can be
borrowed, but it is possible to do the job without
them. The best way is to make up a tool from a
piece of steel plate shaped as shown in the
photograph. Alternatively use a screwdriver to
lever the tappet down and another on
e, on edge,
to hold the tappet down by positioning it
between the camshaft and the rim of the tappet;
then remove the lever. This is quite tricky and
needs some care to avoid any damage. If in any
doubt about doing this job it should be left to a
FIAT agent. As well as having the right tools he
will also have a stock of shims from which to
choose those required to correct wrong
clearances. It is expensive buying shims that are
not required (photo).
88 With the tappet held down, prise the shim out
with a thin screwdriver. The FIAT way is to lift
the shim using compressed air, which is
effective if an air line is available. The shims are
held in quite strongly by the oil film and they
must be lifted up square or they will jam.
Remove the shim with long-nosed pliers
(photos).
89 When new, shims have their thickness
marked in millimetres on their undersides. This
marking may wear off and then it will be
necessary to measure their thickness with a
micrometer. From the thickness of the shim and
the error in the clearance, calculate the size of
shim required to produce the correct clearance.
90 Insert the new shim, numbered side down
towards the tappet. Remove the tools used for
depressing the tappet and repeat the operation
until all clearances are correct.
91 Using clean engine oil lubricate all moving
and sliding parts in the camshaft/tappet
assembly. Fit a new gasket and refit the
camshaft cover together with the nine bolts and
washers. Tighten the bolts progressively (photo).


Engine - final assembly
92 Completing assembly of the 1049 cc engine
follows broadly the procedure for that of the
smaller engine which is dealt with in Chapter 1,
Section 56.
93 The manifold gasket is supplied in two parts
for the 1049 cc engine (photo). These serve

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Fig. 13.4 Engine mounting (right-hand side) (Sec.3) Fig. 13.5. Engine mounting (left-hand side) (Sec.3)

1 – Mounting
2 – Crankcase
1 – Mounting to chassis bolts
2 – Mounting
3 – Mounting to transmission bracket

both the inlet and exhaust manifolds which are
on the same side of the engine.
Engine removal - 127 Special and 127
from chassis number 1104290 onwards
94 The removal of the engine assembly from
these models is slightly different from that
described in Chapter 1, owing to redesigned
engine mountings.
95 For the later type of mountings,
disconnection of the engine is achieved by
removal of the engine suspension mounting
securing bolts after taking the weight of the
assembly on a hoist.
96 On refitting the assembly tighten the securing
bolts to the specified torque load.
4. Fuel system

Carburettors - general
1 On L, C and CL models the 1049 cc engine is
fitted with either a Weber 32 ICEV 161150 or a
Solex C32 TDI/4 carburettor with a downdraught
single venturi and automatic coolant heated
choke (photos).
2 On Sport versions, a dual venturi Weber
carburettor is fitted with manual choke.

Weber or Solex single venturi
carburettors


Removal and refitting
3 Remove the air cleaner
4 Disconnect the throttle cable (photo).
5 Disconnect the distributor vacuum pipe
(photo). 6 Disconnect the fuel flow and return
hoses 7 Disconnect the coolant hoses from the
automatic choke housing and tie the pipes as
high as possible to prevent coolant loss (photo).
8 Unbolt the carburettor flange mounting bolts
and lift the carburettor from the manifold.
9 Refitting is a reversal of removal, but use a
new flange mounting gasket
Dismantling and adjustment
10 Clean the outside of the carburettor, remove
the top cover screws and lift off the cover.
11 Clean out the float bowl.
12 Any jets or bleed screws if removed, should
only be cleaned by blowing air through them.
Never probe with wire or their calibration will be
ruined.
13 Check the float level by holding the
carburettor cover vertically so that the float
hangs down, and then measure between the
casting flange and the nearest point of the float.
Adjust if necessary by bending the float arm tab
until the clearance conforms with the
Specifications according to carburettor.
14 The automatic choke will not normally require
dismantling, but if the cover is removed, make
sure that the centre index marks on the cover
and housing are in alignment before tightening
the choke cover screws.
15 On later carburettors, the mixture screw is
fitted with a tamperproof cap and adjustment to
the slow-running should therefore be limited to