1953 JEEP CJ flat tire

'Jeep'
UNIVERSAL
SERIES SERVICE
MANUAL

P h.
Install
the tube seats, flat side toward the check

valve,
and press in with tube nuts or the master

cylinder
brake pipe tube nuts.

BLEEDING
a.
Before the master cylinder is installed on the
car,
the unit must be bled.

b.
Support the cylinder assembly in a vise and

fill
both fluid reservoirs with approved brake fluid,

e.
Loosely install a plug in each
outlet
of the

cylinder.
Depress the push rod several times until

air
bubbles cease to appear in the brake fluid.

d.
Tighten the plugs and attempt to depress the piston. The piston travel should be restricted after
all
air is expelled.
e.
Install
the master cylinder on the car and bleed
the hydraulic lines at the wheel cylinder. Refer to
Par.
P-7.

P-21.
Wheel
Cylinder
Reconditioning
•
Refer to Fig. P-15.
Note:
Make sure a replacement brake cylinder
has the same part number as the original cylinder.

FIG.
P-15—WHEEL
BRAKE CYLINDER
1— Boot

2—
Piston

3—
Cylinder
Cup
4—
Cup
Spring
5—
Cylinder

6—
Bleeder
Screw
a.
To remove a wheel cylinder,
jack
up the vehicle

and
remove the wheel, hub, and
drum.
Disconnect
the brake line at the fitting on the brake backing
plate. Remove the brake
shoe
return spring which

will
allow the brake
shoes
at the toe to
fall
clear of the brake cylinder. Remove two screws holding
the wheel cylinder to the backing plate.
b.
Remove the rubber dust covers on ends of

cylinder.
Remove the pistons and piston cups and
the spring.

c.
Wash the parts in clean alcohol.

d.
Examine the cylinder bore for roughness or
scoring.
Check
fit of pistons to cylinder bore.
e. When reassembling the cylinder, dip springs, pistons and piston cups in brake fluid.
Install

spring
in center of the wheel cylinder.
Install

piston cups with the cupped surface towards the

spring
so that the flat surface
will
be against
the piston.
Install
pistons and dust covers.
f.
Install
wheel cylinder to the backing plate and connect brake line and install brake
shoe
return

spring.

g. Replace wheel, hub, and
drum.

h.
Bleed the brake lines (Par. P-7).

P-22. TROUBLE
SHOOTING

P-23.
Squeaky
Brakes

In
most cases, squeaks are entirely eliminated by

correct
adjustment of the brakes. Squeaks may be
caused however, by glazed linings, lining wore thin
to the point of
exposed
rivets or by vibration. A

drum
will
not vibrate when the brake is securing

uniform
contact over the entire lining surface, ex­
cept when due to improper conditions such as the
linings becoming glazed.
Glazed
surface of the

brake
linings may be removed by a stiff
wire
brush.
Occasionally
squeaks are caused by roughened
sur­

face of the
drum,
which can usually be remedied
by rubbing down with emery cloth and by wiping
the brakings surface clean. In extreme cases it may
be necessary to reface the drum in a lathe. Should
this be done, do not remove a metal thickness greater than .030" [0,762 mm.] - .060" [1,52 mm.]

overall
diameter.

P-24. Rattles
in
Brakes

See that the tension of the springs in the brakes

and
attached to the control system are sufficient to

return
brakes and brake mechanism to their normal
position.
Return
springs are so placed that they
keep all slack out of the control system by tension on all joints.

Brakes
will
not rattle inside the
drum
if the springs
holding the
shoes
are kept at the proper tension. 333

p

BRAKES
P-25.
SERVICE

SYMPTOMS
Brakes Drag
Brake
Shoes
Improperly Adjusted
Piston Cups Enlarged . . •.
«•
Mineral
Oil or Improper Brake
Fluid
in System. . .

Improper
Pedal Adjustment
Clogged Master Cylinder By-Pass Port...

One
Brake Drags
Brake
Shoe
Adjustment Incorrect
v Brake
Hose
Clogged.
Return
Spring Broken
Wheel Cylinder Piston
01
Cups
Defective.........
Loose or Damaged Wheel Bearings

Brake Grabs
—
Vehicle Pulls
to One
Side
Grease
or Brake
Fluid
on
Lining................
Dirt
Between
Lining
and Drum

Drum
Scored or Rough
Loose Wheel Bearings. .
Axle Spring Clips Loose
Brake
Backing Plate Loose

Brake
Lining
..

Brake
Shoe
Reversed
Tires
Under-Inflated -
Tires
Worn Unequally
Glazed
or Worn
Lining

Restricted Brake
Line

Excessive Pedal Travel
Normal
Lining
Wear

Lining
Worn Out ... .

Leak
in Brake
Line.

Scored Brake Drums
Incorrect
Brake
Lining.

Air
in Hydraulic System

Spongy Brake Pedal
Air
in
Lines.
Brake
Shoe
Adjustment Incorrect
Insufficient Brake
Fluid

Excessive Pedal Pressure
Grease
or Brake
Fluid
in
Lining

Shoes
Improperly Adjusted

Warped
Brake
Shoes
Distorted Brake Drums
Glazed
or Worn
Lining

Restricted Brake
Line
Faulty
Brake Cylinder Insufficient Brake
Fluid.

Squeaky Brakes
Shoes
Warped or Drums Distorted
Lining
Loose.....
Dirt
Imbedded in
Lining

Improper
Adjustment.

Oil
or Grease on
Lining
Glazed
or Worn
Lining.

Drum
Scored
DIAGNOSIS

PROBABLE
REMEDY

Adjust
Flush
all
lines
with Alcohol. Install new cups in wheel and Master Cylinders

Adjust
Master Cylinder Eye Bolt
Clean
Master Cylinder

Adjust
Replace Replace
Replace
Adjust
or Replace
Replace
Lining

Clean
with Wire Brush

Turn
Drum and Replace
Lining

Adjust
Tighten Tighten
Different Kinds on Opposite Wheels

Forward
and
Rear
Shoes
misinstalled
Inflate
Replace or Rotate Replace Linings

Locate
and Repair

Adjust

Replace
Locate
and Repair Replace or Regrind Replace

Fill
Master
Cylinder
— Bleed Lines
Bleed Lines
Adjust

Fill
Master Cylinder
Replace
Lining
Major
Adjustment
Replace
Replace or Regrind Replace Linings * .

Locate
and Repair
Repair
or Replace
Fill
Master Cylinder Replace
Replace
Wire
Brush or Replace

Adjust
Replace Linings Replace Linings

Turn
Drum and Replace Linings 334

Q

WHEELS

FIG.
Q-6—REAR
WHEEL,
FLANGED
AXLE
AND
BEARING
ASSY.

1—
Retainer
Plate

2— Oil
Seal

3—
Unit
Bearing

4—
Retaining
Ring
5—
Axle
Shaft
wheel
will
turn
freely with no drag. If adjustment
is necessary, follow the procedure given in Par. Q-8.

Q-8.
Rear Wheel Bearing Adjustment
—
Tapered Axle

The
bearing adjusting shims are placed
between
the brake backing plate and axle flange as shown

in
Fig. Q-7.

With
wheel raised on
jack,
the following procedure
should be used to make the
rear
wheel bearing
adjustment.

a.
Remove the hub cap with hub cap puller, the
cotter pin, axle shaft nut, and washer. Remove the
wheel hub and drum with a wheel puller.

b.
Disconnect hydraulic brake line at wheel

cylinder.

c.
Remove the
bolts
holding the brake dust shield, grease and bearing retainer, and the brake backing
plate.

d.
Remove or install shims to adjust the bearings
to provide .001" to .006" [0,025 a 0,152 mm.]
end float of the axle shaft.

Note:
Before reassembly of the wheel make certain
the backing plate nuts are tight and torqued at 25 to 35 lb-ft [3,4 a 4,8 kg-m.].
e. Reassemble the wheel, adjust brakes, and check
the bearing adjustment (Par. Q-7).

0-9.
REAR WHEEL MOUNTING
—
TAPERED AXLE

Proper
axle shaft key installation is accomplished by placing the hub and drum on the axle shaft
taper and then inserting the axle shaft key in the
FIG.
Q-7—REAR
WHEEL
AND HUB
BEARING
—

TAPERED
AXLE
SHAFT

1—-Adjusting
Shims
2—Inner
Seal
3—Outer
Seal
keyway.
Never install the key in the keyway before

placing
the hub and drum assembly on the axle
shaft. Be sure that the axle shaft nut is torqued
to a minimum of 150 lb-ft. [20,7 kg-m.].
O-10.
BRAKE
DRUM
SERVICE
On
rear
wheels, the hub fits inside the brake drum
(Fig.
Q-3). On front wheels, the hub is attached
to the outside of the brake drum (Fig. Q-l). The

brake
drums are attached to the wheel hubs by
five serrated bolts. These
bolts
are also used for
mounting the wheels on the hub. To remove a

brake
drum,
press or drive out the serrated
bolts
and
remove the drum from the hub. When placing
the drum on the hub, make sure that the contacting
surfaces are clean and flat.
Line
up the
holes
in
the drum with
those
in the hub and put the drum
over the shoulder on the hub. Insert five new
serrated
bolts
through the drum and hub and drive
the
bolts
into place solidly. Place a round head of the bolt in a vise. Next, place the hub and drum
assembly over it so that the bolt head rests on it.

Then
swage
the bolt into the countersunk section of the hub or drum with a punch. The runout of
the drum face should be within .030" [0,76 mm.]
total indicator reading. If the runout is found to be greater than .030" it
will
be necessary to reset
the
bolts
to correct the condition.
0-11.
TIRE SERVICE
Refer
to Fig. Q-8.

One
of the most important factors of safe vehicle
operation is systematic and correct tire mainte­ nance.
Tires
must sustain the weight of a loaded vehicle, withstand more than ordinary rough serv- 338

'Jeep'
UNIVERSAL
SERIES
SERVICE
MANUAL

Q
ice, provide maximum safety over all
types
of

terrain,
and furnish the medium on which the
vehicle can be maneuvered with ease. Although
there are other
elements
of tire service, inflation maintenance is the most important and in many
instances the most neglected. The tire pressure should be maintained for safe operation. An under- inflated tire is dangerous as too much flexing can
cause breakage of the casing. Overinflation in time
may
cause a blowout.

Upon
careful inspection of tires, it may be found
that improper wheel alignment, balance, grabbing
brakes,
poor driving habits, fast cornering or other
conditions are the cause of wear. Such conditions
should be corrected.

a.
UNDERINFLATION

Underinflation
distorts the normal contour of the
tire
body and the tire
bulges
or "bellies out" with

an
extreme flexing action.
This
wears the tread at the
edges
more than the center and generates
excessive internal heat, weakening the cords and
resulting
in bruises, broken cords or ply separation.

Underinflation
also leads to rim bruises as in­ sufficient resistance is provided to prevent the tire

from
being jammed against the rim and crushed
or
cut when the tire strikes a
curb,
rock, or rut.

b.
OVERINFLATION

When
a tire is
overinf
lated,
increased tension caused by excessive pressure prevents proper deflection of
the sidewalls.
This
results in wear in the center of the tread and the tire also
loses
its ability to absorb

road
shocks. Under this increased
strain,
cords in the tread area eventually snap under impact, caus­ing a casing break.

c.
MISALIGNMENT
WEAR
Excessive
wheel camber causes the tires to run at an angle to the road when camber is incorrect

it
will
cause excessive wear on one side of the
tire
tread.

Front
wheels should be straight ahead or toe-in slightly. When there is excessive toe-in or
toe-out,

tires
will
revolve with a side motion and scrape
the tread rubber off.
Front
tires
will
show wear on the outside with too great a toe-in condition
and
on the inside with a
toe-out
condition.

d.
BALANCE
Cupping
and bald spotting of tires is associated

with
wear on a vehicle driven mostly at high-way
speeds
without the recommended tire rotation and

with
unbalance conditions.

Q-12.
Tire
Care
Note;
For satisfactory 4-wheel drive operation, a
4-wheel drive vehicle
MUST
be equipped with the same size tires of equal circumference on all
four wheels. The tires must then be inflated to

proper
factory recommended pressures at all times.

Tire
pressure, tire rotation, wheel balance, and wheel alignment are the four vital factors that in­
fluence the
extent
of tire life and the
ease
and safety of vehicle control.
Four
of the most common

tire
troubles are:

a.
Excessive wear around the outer
edges
resulting

from
underinflation.

b.
Excessive wear in the center of the tread re­
sulting from overinflation.

c.
Tire
tread worn on one side indicating wheels
need realigning.
d.
Cuplike
depressions on one side of the tread

indicating
wheels need balancing.

If
the vehicle normally carries a
full
load, two to
four psi. [0,14 a 0,28 kg-m2] can be added to the
recommended air pressures. But, remember that adding air with a light load means a harsher ride,

doesn't
help tires, and wears out shock absorbers. Rotate the tires as shown in Fig. Q-9 for correct
rotation system.

Q-13.
Tire
Removal
and
Installation

To
remove a tire from a drop center rim, first
WEAR
AT SHOULDERS

WEAR
AT CENTER

WEAR
ON ONE
SIDE
FEATHERED
EDGE
BALD
SPOTS

/1TTDN

i

UNDER
INFLATION
OVER
INFLATION
EXCESSIVE
CAMBER

INCORRECT
TOE
WHEEL
UNBALANCED

liF
11

ADJUST
PRESSURE TO
SPECIFICATIONS
WHEN
TIRES ARE
COOL
ADJUST
CAMBER
TO

SPECIFICATIONS
ADJUST
FOR

TOE-IN
DYNAMIC
OR
STATIC

BALANCE
WHEELS

FIG.
Q-8—TIRE
WEAR
PATTERN
339

Q

WHEELS

11463

FIG.
Q-9—TIRE
ROTATION
1—
Right
Front
Tire

2—
Right
Rear
Tire

3—
Spare
Tire
4—
-Left
Rear
Tire

5—
Left
Front
Tire
deflate completely and then force the tire away

from
the rim throughout the entire circumference
until
the bead falls into the center of the wheel

rim.
If the vehicle is equipped with tires that use

an
inner tube, carefully remove the inner tube.
With
the inner tube removed, or on tubeless tires, a tire
removing tool should be used to remove the tire

from
the rim.

Installation
of the tire is made in the same manner
by first dropping one side of the tire into the center
of the rim and with a tire tool raise the bead over
the wheel
rim.
The inner tube can now be installed
on vehicles so equipped.
When
mounting the wheel, alternately tighten op­
posite stud nuts. After the nuts have been tightened

with
the wheel jacked up, lower the
jack
so wheel rests on the floor and retighten nuts. Torque nuts
to 60-75 lb.-ft. [8,3 a 10,4 kg-m.].

Note:
New "wide" tires have been given new sizes
by tire manufacturers. They use a letter as a key
unit
in the name size for the new wide treads.

The
single letter in front of the "70" indicates load rating, or the weight a tire can support safely
when inflated to 32 psi. The number 70 is used to show the
7-to-10
(70 percent) ratio of tire section height to width. The last two-digit number of the new sizes— 15 —
is
the rim diameter.
Radial

ply
tire sizes all contain the letter
"R"
to designate
radial
ply construction.

15-inch
Diameter
New Old

E70-15
7.35-15

F70-15
.7.75-15

G70-15
8.15-15

H70-15
8.45-15
J70-15
.8.85-15

K70-15
. .... .9.00-15

L70-15
9.15-15

You
should explain to customers
these
new tire
designations. Such knowledge
will
act as a re­
minder
never to mix
radial
ply, wide treads or
conventional tires on one axle.
0-14.
WHEEL
AND
TIRE
SPECIFICATIONS
'Jeep'

Universal

V6
Engine

CJ-5,
CJ-6,
CJ-5A,
CJ-6A
'Jeep*

Universal

F4
Engine

CJ-3B,
CJ-5,
CJ-6
DJ-5,
DJ-6

WHEELS:
Rim
Size 15 x
6.00
16 x 4.50
15 x 5.50

K
E
K

Attachment

Type
Stud
Stud Stud

Circle
Dia 5.50 5.50 5.50

5 5
4

Size
H-20
H-20
H-20

Rear
Axle Shaft End Float .001*-.006"
.001"-.006" .001 *-.006"
[0 ,025 a 0,152 mm.)
[0,025 a 0,152 mm.] [0,025 a 0,152 mm.]

TIRES:
Size.
7.35-15

6.00-16
6.85-15

Ply
Rating 4
4 2
Revolutions per Mile @ 30 mph.. . 781 730 803

Inflation
Pressure

Front
20
psi
[1,406 kg-cm2]
20 psi [1,406 kg-cm2] 24 [1,687 kg-cm*]

Rear
24
psi
[1,687 kg-cm*]
20 psi [1,406 kg-cm2] 24 [1,687 kg-cm*] 340